Basics of sewerage system - A Brief introduction to Drainage terminologies

Basics of Sewerage System

 A sewerage or drainage system refers to dirty water produced subsequent to cleaning, washing, waste water from kitchen, wash basins, washrooms, latrines, urinals etc. from a house. It contains fluid and strong waste materials as well as human excreta and other house hold squander. 

Now we will see some of the basic terminologies that is used in context with drainage systems.

What is meant by "Black Water"?

Black Water is nothing but squander water released from water closet and urinals. It contains human excreta. The dark water is released into public sewerage network or a septic tank.The dark water in the septic tank is further broke down by microscopic organisms living in the septic tank and to some extent it is processed by these micro organisms. This dark water which goes through treatment in septic tank is called Septage. Septage is normally split into three sections in a septic tank. First Part is the Scum, which floats to the top and is for the most part where the microscopic organisms live, and these micro organisms will treat this waste. The Second Part is the Effluent, which is the semi-treated fluid that includes most of the material in the septic tank. And the third part is the Sludge. Sludge is nothing but the solids which gather at the lower part of the tank.

What is meant by "Grey Water"?

Grey water is the waste water released from baths, showers, wash basins, kitchen sink, and clothes washer. It doesn't contain human excreta. This is also known as Sullage. Certain individuals have the propensity for releasing grey water or effluent from the septic tank from their home in to the rainwater drain without knowing that they are harming the climate and causing disturbance or injury to strength of individuals and creatures living close by as the grey water and the effluent from the septic tank contain illness causing bacterias and micro organisms. Consequently the grey water or the effluent ought not be allowed into the rainwater drains. It ought to be treated according to the authority regulations and arranged off in to the land or water body.

What is meant by a "Plumbing System" in General?

Plumbing system is defined as a closed system of pipes utilized for the circulation of water (clean and utilized) in a structure. Plumbing system can further be classified into two main types. First one is the Potable or Clean water system and the other one is the Drainage or sewerage system. We will see about this one by one.

Potable or Clean water system is defined as the closed system of pipes which distributes clean and potable water in the structures(Buildings,hospitals,warehouses etc). This water source can be public water supply from companies/regions or from private well/tube well.

On the other hand, Drainage or sewerage system is defined as the closed system of pipes which gathers squander waters (Black water/Grey water) from the house and releases it into the septic tank or public sewerage network. 

What are "Fixtures"?

These are connecting components which interface both the clean water and drainage system. Care ought to be taken to stay away from polluting of clean water with squander water.

What are the different types of Sewerage Pipe Systems?

There are two sorts of sewerage pipe systems, utilized in houses/structures. They are One pipe and Two pipe systems. Both these systems are discussed one by one below.

One Pipe System:

            In one one pipe system Black and Gray water are gathered through one pipe. In this system, Black and Gray water is blended and connected straightforwardly to building drain. As dark and grey water are mixed, water can't be reused with moderate treatment. This system is favored when cost is the driving component. Beginning expense of single pipe system is roughly 60% of a two pipe system/s. There is one ventilating pipe which releases foul gases to the air. All traps of grey/dark water appliances are ventilated through this ventilating pipe. In this system Gully Traps are not utilized.

Two Pipe System:

            In Two Pipe System Black and Grey water is gathered through two separate lines. In this System, Black and Gray water release is associated straightforwardly to building drain. As the grey  water is gathered independently, it very well may be reused with moderate treatment for cultivating, flushing latrines and in cooling towers. It is the conventional and suggested system for any house. The most appropriate when fitments are dispersed and generally separated.There are two separate ventilating pipes for black and grey water. All traps of black and grey water machines are ventilated independently. Grey water is linked with building drain through a Gully trap.

What is meant by a "Gully Trap"?

Gully Trap is given at intersections in the sewerage network. There are two section areas for these kinds of traps. Squander from restrooms, kitchen and so forth enters through parallel passage. Water from floor cleaning or from storm water system enters from top grinding screen. These traps give more extensive section to flow, smooth surface, simple cleaning courses of action and profound water seal.

            A gully trap is a bowl in the ground which gets channeled wastewater from inside your home before it is exhausted into the wastewater system.The bowl has a water seal to forestall foul scents of the sewer arriving at the surface, and a vent pipe that permits outside air in. The noticeable meshes are raised over the ground level to forestall stormwater and other unfamiliar matter entering the wastewater system, yet are low to the point of forestalling flood of wastewater into the home in the event that there is an obstructed line downstream.

What is a Vent Pipe System in Drainage?

The vent pipe or the non siphonage pipe is introduced to give stream of air to or from a sewerage network or to give dissemination of air inside such network to safeguard trap seals from system, comprises of siphonage and discharge. This vent system comprises of one Main Ventilating Pipe (MVP) to which are associated the Branch Vent Pipes (BVP) of every floor of the building. The primary ventilating pipe stretched out over the structure gives a protected outlet of the foul gases in the drain or sewer into the environment.