Plumbing Full Course - Part 10

 

            This is part 10th of the full plumbing course. If you haven't accessed the previous parts, you can find them by the end of this post.

Municipal ByLaws

Plumbing in Canada has been strictly regulated since the mid-1990s. This regulation was put into effect due to concerns about municipal wastewater being treated with disinfectants that were later found to be carcinogenic. The Canadian government passed legislation in 1995 requiring municipalities to ensure that their drinking water is safe to drink. They have set strict standards for how and where wastewater goes to be treated. In addition, they have made sure that proper documentation is taken regarding where the wastewater comes from. However, the regulations do not cover other types of sewage (municipal, industrial, etc), nor does it cover any water used for agriculture.

If your municipality does not meet these requirements, then you can contact Water Quality Ontario. Their website describes what steps need to be done to get your water treatment system certified to meet the standards. You may find this information useful if you are planning to sell or distribute your product through a dispensary or retailer.

Many cities across Canada are now treating their water using a system called Zero Waste. It uses a filtration system instead of chemicals to treat the water. This means that the city does not use chlorine, heavy metals, or other harmful chemicals.

Municipal bylaws in plumbing are a great way to protect the environment and keep our water clean. I am hoping that the laws stay the same until we have a better understanding of how our water systems work. Until then, I recommend that you continue to take extra precautions when disposing of waste.

Water supply systems are subject to municipal regulation through zoning by-law provisions that govern the location and use of water supply facilities.

Disposals of Building Drainage

Sump pumps are used when it comes to building drainage. They have a pump attached to a sump pit that empties into the drain system. A few other things that help keep the water from going into your foundation include grading properly, using proper landscaping materials, and installing a roof over the house's drainage area. If you do any of these things, you will greatly reduce the amount of water that goes into your basement.

1. Drywells are the most common type of system used today. They are designed to collect water from the floor area below the house and transport it outside via a drainpipe. This allows the house to dry out naturally, but it can be costly to install if not installed correctly.

2. Wetwells are similar to drywells except that they usually have a sump pump that removes excess water from a well rather than piping it into the ground. These pumps usually run 24/7 and are relatively inexpensive. However, this method requires a lot of maintenance and can become expensive over time.

3. Rainwater collection systems use gutters or downspouts to direct rainwater away from the foundation of the house and then channel it around the perimeter of the house where it is stored in a tank until it evaporates. Depending on how large your home is, these tanks may need to be fairly large (500 gallons is a good starting point), making them a bit pricey. Also, some municipalities do not allow rainwater to be collected, so you'll have to check those laws before installing a rainwater tank.

4. Drain-in-place potties are self-contained units that hold urine and feces. They come mounted on the wall above a toilet and can be easily removed and cleaned. They are typically made of plastic and are available at local hardware stores. They are much smaller than traditional toilets and therefore require less space, especially if you plan on adding other amenities like a shower.

5. Deep Pit Systems are a more modern way of collecting waste. Instead of using a septic tank, people dig a hole several feet deep and cover it with a grated metal box. As human waste flows through the holes, it drops down into the pit, where it decomposes naturally. This system is highly effective at eliminating odors. It's a little more complicated to install, however. You will either need a backhoe or excavator to dig the hole, and you might need to hire someone to help you build the walls.

6. In-wall tanks are a newer option for wastewater storage. Instead of digging a big hole, they're buried inside the walls of a bathroom or kitchen. There are two types of systems: under-the-counter and in-wall. Under-the-counter models are more popular because they're easier to install and remove. They tend to be cheaper, too. If you decide to go with an in-wall model, make sure it fits snugly in place. Otherwise, it could leak, causing damage to the walls.

Septic Tank

- A septic tank can be used to collect wastewater from urinals and other bathroom fixtures. They are also designed to receive wastewater that has already been treated by sewage treatment facilities. A septic tank cannot handle raw sewage or untreated stormwater runoff. These systems should only be used in areas where there are no municipal sewer lines.

- Septic tanks have two chambers: the first chamber contains a mixture of sand and gravel called Gravel Pack Media (GPM) that provides oxygen for decomposition; the second chamber holds microorganisms that break down waste into liquid and solid matter. As organic material in the sewage moves through this system, it becomes decomposed and broken up into small particles. This helps prevent the spread of pathogens and prevents contamination of groundwater. After decomposition occurs, the effluent passes through perforated pipes and enters a leach field.

- Septic systems usually do not need to be replaced unless they stop working properly. If this happens, your municipality’s inspector may require that you remove and dispose of old components. In some cases, the entire system must be removed and completely rebuilt.

- Septic Tanks are typically installed on private property but can be placed on public land if permitted.

A septic tank can handle about 5-6 times your toilet output. If you have a small bathroom, then the amount of waste that goes into the tank should not exceed 1/5th of your daily output. This means that if your daily output is 10L then you should not put over 2.5L of liquid waste into the septic tank at one time. You may use your toilet only once or twice a day, but make sure that you are putting less than 2.5L of waste into the tank at any given moment.

Septic tanks are used to collect sewage from houses before it enters the city's sewage system. They are usually large reservoirs built behind homes that use gravity to drain through pipes underground into the City’s sewer systems. Septic Tanks can provide a permanent solution to sewage disposal, but they require maintenance. A septic tank should not be used if any of the following conditions exist:

• If there is a problem with drainage;

• There is excessive rainfall (more than 4 inches per week);

• There are problems with raw sewage backflow;

• The sewage contains oil, grease, solids, or other contaminants that may clog the tank.

Public sewerage system

The public sewage system (PTS), or wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), is a collection of treatment facilities that receive wastewater from homes, businesses, industries, and any other place where people generate wastewater. Once the wastewater leaves its source, it enters the WWTP, where it undergoes treatment through several stages including grit removal, coagulation, sedimentation, flocculation, filtration, disinfection, aeration, clarification, sludge hydrolysis, dewatering, and storage. In addition to the above-mentioned steps, the final product undergoes further secondary treatment before being discharged into rivers, streams, lakes, oceans, or landfills.

            A public sewerage system in drainage is a network of pipes that carry wastewater from homes, businesses, hospitals, and other buildings to sewage treatment facilities. It may also refer to the system of sewers in a city.

        Public sewerage treatment facilities are usually large industrial complexes containing ponds or lagoons where solids settle out and organic matter decomposes into less toxic forms. In some cases, they use a trickling filter to treat wastewater before dumping it back into rivers.

            Industrial sewers are used to dispose of contaminated stormwater runoff. They can be built at ground level or buried underground. Many of these systems consist of large storage tanks to capture stormwater and smaller channels to direct the flow of treated water towards an outlet pipe.

Access Previous parts of this course, if you have missed them, by clicking Below...

Part 1 -- Click Here!!

Part 2 -- Click Here!!

Part 3 -- Click Here!!

Part 4 -- Click Here!!

Part 5 -- Click Here!!

Part 6 -- Click Here!!

Part 7 -- Click Here!!

Part 8 -- Click Here!!

Part 9 -- Click Here!!