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In this part of Full Fire Fighting and Fire Protection series, we are going to learn about landing Valve.
Landing Valve
A landing valve is a device that controls and maintains pressure at a certain point. As a firefighter goes higher and further away from the fire, the air pressure decreases due to the high altitude. If the pressure falls below a given threshold, the landing valve is opened and allows the pressure inside the hose to equalize with the surrounding air pressure. This prevents the firefighter from becoming unconscious or passing out while waiting for equipment to arrive. Hose valves are designed so that they do not allow water to escape until the pressure reaches a set level.
A landing valve is a type of emergency exit device that is designed to shut off air flow when pressure builds up inside the building. In situations where water starts to flood the basement, the building’s sprinkler system automatically activates and begins releasing water, flooding the area. A landing valve would then close off the main supply line to stop the water from continuing down the pipe and causing further damage. To prevent this kind of problem, it’s recommended that you install a high quality landing valve in all basements. There are many types of landing valves out there, but if you want a product built specifically for commercial fire protection systems, you should choose a model that has been certified by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC). When selecting a landing valve, make sure that it comes with the following features:
• Automatic self-closing mechanism
• High-temperature resistant material
• Resistant to hydrostatic pressure
• Watertight seal
• Easy access
• Low profile
In my opinion, landing valves are among the best tools for firefighters because they allow them to control their own pressure (like a pilot) while at other times it allows them to open up a channel for water to flow. I have always been fond of them, especially since i'm in the firefighting industry.
The landing valve is a safety device that allows firefighters to safely descend into buildings after they enter them. When activated, the landing valve automatically opens at a certain height, causing the firefighter to free fall until he/she lands on the ground. It is designed to prevent injuries that could occur if the firefighter had been caught inside a building due to falling.
A landing valve is an air control device that is built into certain fire extinguishing equipment. When properly installed, these valves prevent the release of excess pressure before the water level reaches its maximum capacity. These devices are generally found in fire trucks and larger rescue vehicles.
The first known use of a landing valve was in 1852, when they were developed by John Ericsson. He created his own prototype and presented it to the New York Fire Department. In 1855 he received a patent for his design. A few years later, the first commercially produced version was sold.
An example of a different type of valve is called a check valve, which works similarly. However, instead of just letting the air escape after reaching its maximum pressure, the check valve allows the fluid to pass until the pressure becomes too high again. You can find examples of both types in various plumbing fixtures around your home.
Landing valves have been proven effective at preventing fires from spreading once they've started. Because they allow the pressurized water to go out slowly and evenly rather than abruptly, they reduce damage caused to surrounding property. And since they don't let the entire volume of the tank's contents out, they keep firefighters safe while still extinguishing the flames.
The landing valve consists of three parts – a seat, a ballcock and a spring. Water pressure pushes down on top of the ballcock, pushing it upwards and compressing the spring. Once the water level drops below the height of the ballcock, the weight of the water causes the ballcock to drop back down, releasing the compressed spring and opening the valve.
There are two types of valves commonly seen -- those operated manually with a lever, and those operated automatically by sensing low water levels. Other mechanical designs have been developed, including pneumatic and hydraulic versions, but these operate in similar ways.
For our purposes here we'll focus on manual landing valves. In addition to being simple, they're generally less expensive than other methods.
When selecting a landing valve, consider the size of the area where you want to apply the water -- the smaller the space, the easier it might be to fit a larger valve. The amount of water being discharged should not exceed the rated capacity of the pipe, or else the pipe may burst. A good rule of thumb is to allow 5 to 10 percent overcapacity for any given pipe diameter.
The best type of valve for a particular application depends more upon the fluid dynamics involved than upon the valve’s design.
The landing valve is a device that releases air pressure inside a tank of water when the valve is opened. This prevents the tank from being overpressured if air fills the tank instead of water. Landing valves are commonly used in aircraft firefighting where the water tanks are pressurized by compressed air.
A landing valve is a device, usually attached to water supply pipes or sprinkler heads, that prevents the flow of water until a certain pressure threshold is reached. It is commonly installed to prevent accidental damage to structures. In the case of a sprinkler system, there is no risk of damaging a building’s structure since they only activate once a specific amount of water is applied to the system.
The landing valve serves as an air intake for the extinguishing agent used in the fire suppression system. A typical lander valve consists of two flanges (one top and bottom), a central flow tube, and a discharge pipe. The landing valve discharges the liquid extinguishing agent into the water stream at the bottom of the extinguisher tank. This design prevents the extinguishing agent from being discharged along with the water stream. Thus, the amount of agent delivered per second is greater than if the agent were released directly into the extinguishing tank. Most landers valves have one or more holes for pressure relief. These prevent over-pressurization of the extinguishing agent supply line.
Access all the previous parts of this full fire fighting series by clicking the links provided below:
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