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This is part 15th of the
full plumbing course in MEP. You can access the previous parts of this full
course, by the end of this article. In this part, we will see about plumbing
fixtures.
What is Plumbing?
Plumbing is the system
that keeps water flowing into your home and out again. Most homes have a
natural drainage system, but if this doesn't work properly then you can end up
with problems. In order to find any leaks in your plumbing, you need some sort
of pipe inspection tool. These tools are usually a bit expensive, however, they
can save you a lot of money and time otherwise spent trying to fix a leak
yourself. They can even help prevent future leaks from occurring as well.
A toilet flapper valve is what
allows the flow of water from the tank into the bowl. If you ever notice the
sounds of running water after turning off the faucet, you may have a leaking
toilet. Check inside the tank first to make sure nothing seems loose. You
should also check the seal around the base of the tank where it connects to the
porcelain. Next, you want to look at the flush mechanism. This should be easy
to access; just unclip it from its spot. Look for cracks where the flush mechanism
attaches to the tank. Make sure that there isn't any debris lodged in these
areas. Toilets use siphon action to move water through pipes.
The term plumbing refers to the infrastructure that delivers water through pipes from its source to users. In a home, this includes any fixture connected to the supply line, including sinks, bathtubs, toilets, etc. When it comes to hydroponics, plumbing usually means water lines, tubing, and pumps. Here are some common types of plumbing used in hydroponic cultivation.
Pumps: Pumps move the liquid around the system. They can vary greatly in size and cost. Smaller ones may be powered by foot-pedal or hand-crank while larger versions require electricity or gas. These systems may be manual or automatic. Automatic systems detect pump usage and turn themselves off after a certain period of time. Some models have a delay timer function where the system automatically turns back on after a set amount of time once the user returns. Manual systems use timers to turn pumps on and off at specific intervals.
Water Lines: Water lines run underground and connect the various components of your hydroponic setup. They are typically PVC or PE plastic pipes, but could also be copper or steel piping. Larger tanks are attached to these lines through a fitting called a “ballcock.” Ballcocks come in many different sizes depending on how much fluid you need to transfer. Large ballcocks are commonly found in irrigation systems. You might find them in garden centers and hardware stores.
Fittings: Fittings are connectors used to attach other pieces of pipe together. There are hundreds of different fittings out there. Most commonly used are straight-threaded male/female couplings. Others include elbows, tees, Y-connectors, unions, and clamps.
Tubing: Tubing is flexible plastic or metal pipe that runs throughout the water distribution system. Tubing is typically used to transport the fluid through small areas like faucets, valve assemblies, and filters. Tubing should be chosen based on the flow rate needed, material type (e.g., plastic vs. stainless steel), and whether it needs to withstand high pressures.
Filters: Filters prevent
contaminants from entering the water line from upstream sources. They can range
from simple charcoal filters to elaborate multi-stage units.
Plumbing Fixtures
A plumbing fixture is the combination of fixtures (sink, tub, shower, etc.) and fittings (pipes) used to supply and drain wastewater from a building or dwelling.
Water Closet (WC) ( Types: Western, Eastern or Arabic or Indian)
The primary function of the toilet fixture's water supply system is providing potable water to the bowl through its internal plumbing assembly. This plumbing assembly includes the flush valve, the shut-off valve, the trap cock, the pipes that carry water from the reservoir to and throughout the fixture, and fittings used to connect these parts together. A fixture has two types of drains: the overflow pipe and the vent pipe. The overflow pipe is connected directly to the rim of the bowl. When the level of water in the bowl rises above the top edge of the overflow pipe, this creates a siphon effect between the bowl and the overflow pipe. As a result, water begins draining out of the bowl into the drain pan below. The vent pipe is located under the floor of the toilet tank. It connects the tank to the flue or chimney. Fluid entering the tank through the vents passes through the filter, where it becomes safe before being released into the atmosphere.
Toilet Bowl
The toilet bowl is often described as a container. However, it is actually more like a pressure cooker, which expands both vertically and horizontally. Therefore, a good rule of thumb is to fill the bowl only half full, then add a gallon of water. This ensures that the water in the bowl remains at the proper temperature for the longest time possible while the user is seated.
Tank
A toilet tank is a large container inside the toilet bowl. Inside the tank are three chambers: the fill chamber (which holds fresh water), the holding chamber (where air sits until needed to force the water out of the fill chamber), and the overflow chamber (where any extra water is not flushed down goes). The tank is designed so that the amount of water left behind in the tank after each use can easily be replaced with fresh water.
Urinal / Tubeless (U) Fixture
Urinals, or urinal
fixtures, are plumbing fixtures used for collecting urine from male users of
public restrooms. These fixtures were originally designed for use in hospitals
and other health care facilities where they were necessary to provide privacy, and
security, and to prevent contamination. In the past, urinals have been located
outside of bathrooms but in recent years, they have been incorporated into
bathroom design. They may be wall-mounted, free-standing, or even built into
the floor. Most modern urinals feature automatic flushing systems that collect
urine and flush it away after use. Some urinal fixtures do not allow urine to
flow back into the drain line; instead, these fixtures usually include a
removable container for holding collected urine. Urinary collection devices
that incorporate a urine containment device are known as urinals or “tubs”.
Access Previous parts of this course, if you have missed them, by clicking Below...
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